Regulation & Policy

2 milestones in AI history

First AI Winter (1970–1979)

The Lighthill Report

British mathematician James Lighthill published a devastating critique of AI research, concluding that the field had failed to deliver on its promises. 'In no part of the field have the discoveries made so far produced the major impact that was then promised.' The report led to massive funding cuts for AI research in the UK.

James LighthillUK Science Research Council

Generative AI Revolution (2022–2024)

European Union flag representing the EU AI Act

EU AI Act: First Major AI Regulation

The European Parliament approved the AI Act, the world's first comprehensive AI regulation. It established a risk-based framework: banning 'unacceptable risk' AI (social scoring, indiscriminate surveillance), heavily regulating 'high risk' applications, and requiring transparency for generative AI.

European Union

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